A bridging loan as the name implies is a loan to “bridge” the time between the proceeds from the sale of your old home and the money/loan to make a down payment for the new property for the interim and thus the name interim loan.
A business may need short-term cash flow in instances where they have works or projects that ensure funds would be coming in and some salespeople may call it a bridging loan, confusing the purpose for a loan for a loan type.